Multiplexing and Types of Multiplexing
Multiplexing is the set of techniques that allows the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link. Whenever the bandwidth of a medium linking two devices is greater than the bandwidth needs of the devices, the link can be shared. In a multiplexed system, n lines share the bandwidth of one link.
The following figure shows the basic format of a multiplexed system. The lines on the left direct their transmission streams to a multiplexer (MUX), which combines them into a single stream (many-toone). At the receiving end, that stream is fed into a demultiplexer (DEMUX), which separates the stream back into its component transmissions (one-to-many) and directs them to their corresponding lines.
The three basic multiplexing techniques are
1. Frequency-division multiplexing
2. Wavelength-division multiplexing
3. Time-division multiplexing.
The first two are techniques designed for analog signals, the third, for digital signals.
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